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 	>	9	G	  	K		  -	@	  *	M	2	H		+	I	0	M	.	  9	K	, 
 	>	9	G	  	K		  -	@	  *	M	0	K		M	0	>	.	  9	K	, 
 	>	9	G	  	K		  -	@	  -	>	7	>	  9	K	d	
 
 	.	M	*	M	/	B		0	,   .	B	2	  0	B	*	  8	G	,   (		,	0	K		  8	G	  8	.	M	,		'	  0		$	G	  9	H		d	  /	G	  *	M	0	$	M	/	G		  		M	7	0	  	0	  5	0	M	#	  	G	  2	?		  		  (		,	0	  (	?	0	M	'	>	0	?	$	  	0		G	  		M	7	0	  	0	  5	0	M	#	  8			M	0	9	?	$	  	0	$	G	  9	H		d	  /	B	(	?		K	!	  	>	  	5	?	7	M		>	0	  9	K	(	G	  8	G	  *	9	2	G	,   	8	G	  (		,	0	  &	G	(	G	  	G	  2	?		  8	H			!	K		  5	?	-	?	(	M	(	  8			G	$	  2	?	*	?	  *	M	0	#	>	2	?	/	>		  %	@		d	  	?	8	@	  		  8			G	$	  2	?	*	?	  .	G		  *	0	M	/	>	*	M	$	  		M	7	0	  (	9	@		  9	K	  8		$	G	  9	H		  :   		&	>	9	0	#	  	G	  2	?		,   /	B	0	K	*	?	/	  8			  	K	  		G	2	G	  9	@	,   	*	(	@	  8	-	@	  -	>	7	>			  	K	  	5	0	  	0	(	G	  	G	  2	?		  	(	G		  5	?	-	?	(	M	(	  8			G	$	  2	?	*	?	/	K		  	@	  	5	6	M	/		$	>	  9	K	$	@	  9	H	d	  			M	0	G		@	  	H	8	@	  -	>	7	>	  	G	  2	?		  -	@	,   8	-	@	  		M	7	0	K		,   5	?	0	>	.		?	(	M	9	K		  	0	  8	>	.	>	(	M	/	  *	M	0	/	K		  	G	  $		(	@		@	  *	M	0	$	@		K		  9	G	$	A	  		  9	@	  8			G	$	  2	?	*	?	  *	0	M	/	>	*	M	$	  (	9	@		  %	@	d	
 
 /	G	  8			G	$	  2	?	*	?	  *	M	0	#	>	2	?	/	>		  *	0	8	M	*	0	  5	?	0	K	'	@	  -	@	  9	H		d	  	8	@	2	?		,   &	K	  8			G	$	  2	?	*	?	/	>		  &	K	  5	?	-	?	(	M	(	  		M	7	0	K		  	G	  2	?		,   		  9	@	  (		,	0	  *	M	0	/	K		  	0	  8		$	@	  9	H		,   	%	5	>	  8	.	>	(	  		M	7	0	  	G	  2	?		  5	?	-	?	(	M	(	  (	.	M	,	0	K		  	>	  *	M	0	/	K		  	0	  8		$	@	  9	H		d	  	?	8	@	  -	@	  	.	M	*	M	/	B		0	  ( 5	?	6	G	7	  0	B	*	  8	G	  8	0	M	5	0	)   	K	  5	?	-	?	(	M	(	  8			G	$	  2	?	*	?	/	>		  8		-	>	2	(	@	  *	!	<	$	@	  9	H	;   +	?	0	  -	@	  	,	  &	K	  5	?	-	?	(	M	(	  8			G	$	  2	?	*	?	/	K		  	%	5	>	  *	M	2	H		+	I	0	M	.	K		  	G	  ,	@		  !	>		>	  -	G		>	  	>	$	>	  9	H	  $	K	  		8	  !	>		>	  	G	  9	.	G	6	>	  	0	>	,	  9	K	(	G	  	>	  	K		?	.	  0	9	$	>	  9	H	d	
 /	B	(	?		K	!	  8	G	  /	9	  8	,	  	A		  ,	&	2	  0	9	>	  9	H	! 
 
 /	B	(	?		K	!	,   *	M	0	$	M	/	G		  		M	7	0	  	G	  2	?		  		  5	?	6	G	7	  (		,	0	  *	M	0	&	>	(	  	0	$	>	  9	H	,   	>	9	G	  	K		  -	@	  *	M	2	H		+	I	0	M	.	  9	K	,   	>	9	G	  	K		  -	@	  *	M	0	K		M	0	>	.	  9	K	,   	>	9	G	  	K		  -	@	  -	>	7	>	  9	K	d	  /	B	(	?		K	!	  8	M		H		!	0	M	!	  	K	  	*	2	,   		. *	@	. ,   		. ,	@	. 	.	. ,   	8	M		  8	?	8	M		.	,   .	>			M	0	K	8	I	+	M		,   	0	G		2	,   8	H	*	,   8	(	,   8	>		,	G	8	,   /	B	(	?	8	?	8	  	H	8	@	  		&	M	/	K		  	@	  *	M	0	.	A		  	.	M	*	(	?	/	K		  	0	  		  	(	M	/	  (	G	  	*	(	>	/	>	  9	H	d	  /	B	(	?		K	!	  	@	  	5	6	M	/		$	>	  	'	A	(	?		  .	>	(	&		!	K		,   	H	8	G	  		M	8	. 	.	. 	2	. ,   	>	5	>	,   		.	>	  8	M		M	0	?	*	M		  ( 	>	5	>	  8	M		M	0	?	*	M		) ,   	2	. !	@	. 	. *	@	. ,   	K	0	M	,	>	  3 . 0 ,   !	,	M	2	M	/	B	. 	.	. 	2	.   	G	  2	?		  9	K	$	@	  9	H	  	0	  /	9	  		. 	8	. 	. / 		. 	. 8	@	.   1 0 6 4 6   	K	  2	>		B	  	0	(	G	  	>	  	'	?		>	0	?		  $	0	@		>	  9	H	d	  /	9	  		  8			>	2	(	  *	M	0	#	>	2	?	/	K		,   8	-	@	  	'	A	(	?		  ,	M	0	>				0	K		  	0	  		  	(	M	/	  		$	M	*	>	&	K		  .	G		  9	K	$	>	  9	H	d	  /	B	(	?		K	!	  8	M		H		!	0	M	!	  	@	  		$	M	*	$	?	  	0	  	8		G	  8	9	>	/		  		*		0	#	K		  	@	  		*	2	,	M	'	$	>	,   9	>	2	  9	@	  	G	  	$	?	  .	9	$	M	5	*	B	0	M	#	  5	?	6	M	5	5	M	/	>	*	@	  8	I	+	M		5	G	/	0	  	G		M	(	K	2	I		@	  0	A		>	(	K		  .	G		  8	G	  9	H		d	
 
 /	B	(	?		K	!	  	K	  	M	0	>	9		- 8	0	M	5	0	  	%	5	>	  ,	9	A	- 	/	>	.	@	  		*		0	#	K		  	0	  5	G	,	8	>			K		  .	G		  6	>	.	?	2	  	0	(	G	  8	G	,   *	0		*	0	>		$	  		*		0	#	K		  	G	  *	M	0	/	K		  	@	  	*	G		M	7	>	  	0	M		  .	G		  	$	M	/	'	?		  ,		$	  9	K	$	@	  9	H	d	  /	B	(	?		K	!	  8	G	  		  	8	>	  		G	2	>	  8	I	+	M		5	G	/	0	  		$	M	*	>	&	  	%	5	>	  		G	2	>	  5	G	,	8	>			  .	?	2	  	>	$	>	  9	H	,   	?	8	G	  0	@	- 			@	(	?	/	0	?			  	G	  ,	?	(	>	  5	?	-	?	(	M	(	  *	M	2	H		+	I	0	M	.	K		,   -	>	7	>			  	0	  &	G	6	K		  .	G		  		*	/	K		  	?	/	>	  	>	  8		$	>	  9	H	d	  	8	8	G	  !	>		>	  	K	  ,	?	(	>	  	?	8	@	  ,	>	'	>	  	G	  5	?	-	?	(	M	(	  *	M	0	#	>	2	?	/	K		  8	G	  9	K		0	  2	G	  	>	/	>	  	>	  8		$	>	  9	H	d	
 
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 @#7H--1'@%.   -!4'@-#L1@G1'-1)#A%0-1#0-7HF  B"2#3++!2"@%C+I*3+#1AH%01'.   H-+I25HJ  U n i c o d e   09*#I26I,   DI!5#0  e n c o d i n g   -"9H+%2"#I-"#0*3+#12#3++!2"@%@+%H25I.   D!H!5  e n c o d i n g   C5H!53'1'-1#0!2@5"-:   "1'-"H2@
H,   @	20C%8H!*+ 2"8B#@5"A+H@5"'  GI-2#+%2"  e n c o d i n g   C2##-%8!8 2)2C%8H!.   +#7-A!IAHC 2)2@5H"'  @
H   2)2-1$)  GD!H!5  e n c o d i n g   C5H@5"-*3+#181'-1)#,   @#7H-+!2"'##-  A%0*1
%1)L2@45HC
I1-"9H1H'D. 
 
 #0  e n c o d i n g   @+%H25I"11A"I6H1A%01.   1HG7-,   C*-  e n c o d i n g   *2!2#C
I+!2"@%@5"'1*3+#11'-1#0*-1'5HAH21, +#7-C
I+!2"@%H21*3+#1-1#01'@5"'1.   C#0-!4'@-#L  ( B"@	20@4#L@'-#L)   I-!52#*1*8+%2"  e n c o d i n g ;   A%0@!7H-I-!9%5HH2D!2#0+'H22#@I2#+1*+#7-A%G-#L!5HH21,   I-!9%1I0@*5H"H-2#4%2@*5"+2". 
 U n i c o d e   0@%5H"A%*4H@+%H21I1I+!! 
 
 U n i c o d e   3++!2"@%@	20*3+#1AH%0-1#0,   B"D!H*C'H2@GA%G-#L!C,   D!H6I1'H20@GB#A#!CA%0D!H'H20@G 2)2C.   !2#2  U n i c o d e   DI93DC
IB"9I3C-8*2+##!  @
H  A p p l e ,   H P ,   I B M ,   J u s t S y s t e m ,   M i c r o s o f t ,   O r a c l e ,   S A P ,   S u n ,   S y b a s e ,   U n i s y s   A%0-7HF  -5!2.   U n i c o d e   @G*4H5H3@G*3+#1!2#2C+!HF  @
H  X M L ,   J a v a ,   E C M A S c r i p t   ( J a v a S c r i p t ) ,   L D A P ,   C O R B A   3 . 0 ,   W M L   /%/. ,   A%0@GA'2-"H2@G22#C2#3  I S O / I E C   1 0 6 4 6 .   U n i c o d e   DI#12#*1*8C#04142#3'!2,   #2'@-#LC+!HF  1',   A%0%4 1L-7HF  -5!2.   2#@46I-  U n i c o d e   S t a n d a r d   A%09%*LH2F  5H!5C2#*1*8  U n i c o d e ,   @G+6HCA'BI!2@BB%"5-LA'#L#01B%5H!5'2!*3
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 U n i c o d e   a s s e g n a   u n   n u m e r o   u n i v o c o   a   o g n i   c a r a t t e r e , 
 i n d i p e n d e n t e m e n t e   d a l l a   p i a t t a f o r m a , 
 i n d i p e n d e n t e m e n t e   d a l l ' a p p l i c a z i o n e , 
 i n d i p e n d e n t e m e n t e   d a l l a   l i n g u a . 
 
 I   c o m p u t e r ,   i n   b u o n a   s o s t a n z a ,   n o n   s a n n o   f a r   a l t r o   c h e   t r a t t a r e   n u m e r i .   P e r   i m m a g a z z i n a r e   i n   m e m o r i a   l e t t e r e   o   a l t r i   s e g n i      n e c e s s a r i o   c h e   a   o g n i   c a r a t t e r e   v e n g a   a s s e g n a t o   u n   n u m e r o .   E s i s t o n o   c e n t i n a i a   d i   s i s t e m i   d i   c o d i f i c a ,   p r e e s i s t e n t i   a   U n i c o d e ,   e   o g n u n o   d i   q u e s t i   a b b i n a   i   n u m e r i   a i   c a r a t t e r i   i n   m o d o   d i f f e r e n t e .   N e s s u n a   d i   q u e s t e   c o d i f i c h e   c o m p r e n d e   u n   n u m e r o   d i   c a r a t t e r i   s u f f i c i e n t e   p e r   t u t t e   l e   c i r c o s t a n z e .   P e r   l e   s o l e   l i n g u e   d e l l ' U n i o n e   E u r o p e a ,   a d   e s e m p i o ,      n e c e s s a r i o   u t i l i z z a r e   p a r e c c h i   s i s t e m i   d i   c o d i f i c a   d i s t i n t i .   A n c h e   c o n s i d e r a n d o   u n a   s o l o   l i n g u a ,   c o m e   l ' i t a l i a n o ,   n o n   e s i s t e   u n a   c o d i f i c a   u n i c a   c h e   c o m p r e n d a   t u t t e   l e   l e t t e r e   e   t u t t i   i   s e g n i   d i   p u n t e g g i a t u r a   e   s i m b o l i   t e c n i c i   d i   u s o   c o m u n e . 
 
 Q u e s t i   s i s t e m i   d i   c o d i f i c a ,   i n o l t r e ,   s o n o   i n   c o n t r a d d i z i o n e   l ' u n o   c o n   l ' a l t r o .   S u c c e d e   c h e   d u e   c o d i f i c h e   u t i l i z z i n o   l o   s t e s s o   n u m e r o   p e r   d u e   c a r a t t e r i   d i v e r s i   o   c h e ,   v i c e v e r s a ,   a d o t t i n o   n u m e r i   d i v e r s i   p e r   l o   s t e s s o   c a r a t t e r e .   Q u a l s i a s i   e l a b o r a t o r e ,   e   a   m a g g i o r   r a g i o n e   u n   s e r v e r   d i   r e t e ,   h a   b i s o g n o   d i   u t i l i z z a r e   c o d i f i c h e   d i v e r s e .   I l   p r o b l e m a      c h e ,   q u a n d o   i   d a t i   p a s s a n o   d a   u n a   c o d i f i c a   a   u n ' a l t r a ,   o   d a   u n a   p i a t t a f o r m a   a   u n ' a l t r a ,   s i   c o r r e   i l   s e r i o   r i s c h i o   d i   p e r d e r e   i n f o r m a z i o n i . 
 U n i c o d e   s t a   c a m b i a n d o   l e   c o s e ! 
 
 U n i c o d e   a t t r i b u i s c e   u n   n u m e r o   u n i v o c o   a   o g n i   c a r a t t e r e ,   i n d i p e n d e n t e m e n t e   d a l l a   p i a t t a f o r m a ,   d a l l ' a p p l i c a t i v o ,   d a l l a   l i n g u a .   L o   s t a n d a r d   U n i c o d e      s t a t o   a d o t t a t o   d a   l e a d e r   d i   m e r c a t o   d e l   c a l i b r o   d i   A p p l e ,   H P ,   I B M ,   J u s t S y s t e m ,   M i c r o s o f t ,   O r a c l e ,   S A P ,   S u n ,   S y b a s e ,   U n i s y s   e   m o l t i   a l t r i .   U n i c o d e      a l l a   b a s e   d i   m o l t i   m o d e r n i   s t a n d a r d ,   c o m e   X M L ,   J a v a ,   E C M A S c r i p t   ( J a v a S c r i p t ) ,   L D A P ,   C O R B A   3 . 0 ,   W M L   e c c e t e r a ,   e   c o s t i t u i s c e   l ' i m p l e m e n t a z i o n e   u f f i c i a l e   d e l l o   s t a n d a r d   i n t e r n a z i o n a l e   I S O / I E C   1 0 6 4 6 .   U n i c o d e      s u p p o r t a t o   d a   m o l t i   s i s t e m i   o p e r a t i v i ,   d a   t u t t i   i   p i    m o d e r n i   w e b   b r o w s e r   e   d a   m o l t i   a l t r i   p r o d o t t i .   L ' e m e r g e r e   d e l l o   s t a n d a r d   U n i c o d e ,   u n i t o   a l l a   r e c e n t e   d i s p o n i b i l i t    d i   s t r u m e n t i   c h e   l o   s u p p o r t a n o ,      f r a   i   p i    s i g n i f i c a t i v i   s v i l u p p i   d e l l a   t e c n o l o g i a   d e l l a   g l o b a l i z z a z i o n e   d e l   s o f t w a r e . 
 
 L ' a d o z i o n e   d i   U n i c o d e   s u i   s i t i   w e b   e   n e l l e   a p p l i c a z i o n i   c l i e n t / s e r v e r   o   m u l t i - t i e r e d ,   r i s p e t t o   a l l ' u t i l i z z o   d e i   s e t   d i   c a r a t t e r i   t r a d i z i o n a l i ,   p e r m e t t e   u n   s i g n i f i c a t i v o   a b b a t t i m e n t o   d e i   c o s t i   d i   g e s t i o n e .   U n i c o d e   c o n s e n t e   c h e   u n ' u n i c a   v e r s i o n e   d i   u n   s o f t w a r e   o   d i   u n   s i t o   w e b   s i a n o   f r u i b i l i   c o n   p i a t t a f o r m e ,   l i n g u e   e   p a e s i   d i v e r s i ,   e v i t a n d o   l a   n e c e s s i t    d i   r e i n g e n i e r i z z a r e   i l   p r o d o t t o   p e r   o g n i   s i t u a z i o n e   s p e c i f i c a .   P e r m e t t e ,   i n o l t r e ,   i l   t r a s p o r t o   d e l   t e s t o   f r a   s i s t e m i   d i v e r s i   s e n z a   c h e   a b b i a   l u o g o   a l c u n a   c o r r u z i o n e   d e i   d a t i . 
 
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 NHN/fU n i c o d e ( ~ Nx) ? 
 
 U n i c o d e ~k*NW[&{cON N*N/U NvpeW[
 
N/fNHNs^S
 
N/fNHNz^
 
N/fNHN 0
 
 W,g
N{:gS/fYtpeW[0[Nc[ N*NpeW[egPX[W[kbvQNW[&{0(WR U n i c o d e KNMR	gpe~vyc[ُNpeW[vx|~0l	g N*NxSNS+TYvW[&{OYUSUS'k]qQTSO1\ }YQy
NTvxegSb@b	gv 0sSO/fUS Ny OY_Nl	gT N*NxSN(uN@b	gvW[khp&{ST8^(uvb/g&{S0
 
 ُNx|~_NONvQz0_N1\/f$NyxSO(uvTvpeW[Nh$N*N
NTvW[&{bO(u
NTvpeW[NhvTvW[&{0NUO NSyr[v{:g( yr+R/f
gRhV)  /ecY
NTvxFO/f
NNHNePpencǏ
NTvxbs^SKNNpenc;`O	g_cOWvqSi0
 U n i c o d e ck(W9eS@b	gُ NR
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 U n i c o d e ~k*NW[&{cON N*N/U NvpeW[
N/fNHNs^S
N/fNHNz^
NNHN 0U n i c o d e hQ]~ُN]NLuv[N@bǑ(uOYA p p l e ,   H P ,   I B M ,   J u s t S y s t e m ,   M i c r o s o f t ,   O r a c l e ,   S A P ,   S u n ,   S y b a s e ,   U n i s y s TvQ[YlQS0 gevhQ U n i c o d e OYX M L ,   J a v a ,   E C M A S c r i p t   ( J a v a S c r i p t ) ,   L D A P ,   C O R B A   3 . 0 ,   W M L I{I{v^NU n i c o d e /f[sI S O / I E C   1 0 6 4 6 vckĉe_0Yd\O|~@b	g gevOmȉhVTYvQNNT/ec[0U n i c o d e hQvQsT/ec[]wQvX[(W/fяeghQtoNb/g g͑vSU\R0
 
 \U n i c o d e N[7b
gRhVbYB\^(uz^TQz~TkO(u O~W[&{Ɩw9(u0U n i c o d e OUS NoNNTbUS NQzY/zY*Ns^S TV[
N ͑^0[S\penc O0RY
NTv|~e_cOW0
 sQNU n i c o d e f[/gf[O
 
 U n i c o d e f[/gf[O/f N*N^v)Rv~~/f:NSU\ibU\Tc^O(uU n i c o d e hQ^zvU n i c o d e f[/gf[OzNsNoNNTThQe,gvh:yl0f[/gf[OvOXTNhN^lWv{:gTD]NvlQST~~0f[/gf[OS1uOXTcODё0U n i c o d e f[/gf[OvOXTD<h _>e~NLu
NNUO/ecU n i c o d e hQT^gOSRvQibU\TgbLv~~S*NN0
 
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 
 M i k    U n i c o d e   o n ? 
 
 U n i c o d e   m   r i t t     j o k a i s e l l e   m e r k i l l e   y k s i l  l l i s e n   a r v o n . 
 R i i p p u m a t t a   k  y t t  j  r j e s t e l m  s t  
 R i i p p u m a t t a   o h j e l m i s t o s t a 
 R i i p p u m a t t a   k i e l e s t  
 
 T i e t o k o n e i d e n   t o i m i n t a   p e r u s t u u   n u m e r o i d e n   k  s i t t e l y l l e .   M y  s   k i r j a i m e t   j a   m u u t   m e r k i t   o v a t   t i e t o k o n e i d e n   m u i s t i s s a   l u k u s a r j o i n a .   E n n e n   U n i c o d e a   o l i   k  y t  s s    s a t o j a   e r i   t a p o j a   e s i t t     m e r k k e j    j a   k i r j a i m i a   m u t t a   y k s i k   n   n  i s t    k o o d i s i v u i s t a   e i   k y e n n y t   m   r i t t  m   n   k o v i n   k a t t a v a a   m e r k i s t   .   J o   y k s i n o m a a n   E u r o o p a n   U n i o n i s s a   k  y t e t y i l l e   k i e l i l l e   t a r v i t a a n   u s e i t a   e r i l a i s i a   m e r k i s t  j    j a   k o o d i s i v u j a ,   e i k    e d e s   e n g l a n n i n   k a l t a i s e n ,   y k s i n k e r t a i s e n   k i e l e n   k a i k k i e n   k i r j a i m i e n ,   v  l i m e r k k i e n   j a   y l e i s t e n   t e k n i s t e n   s y m b o l i e n   e s i t t  m i n e n   o n n i s t u   y h d e l l    n  i s t    k o o d i s i v u i s t a . 
 
 L i s  k s i   k o o d i s i v u t   o v a t   r i s t i r i i d a s s a   k e s k e n   n .   E r i   k o o d i s i v u i l l a   v o i d a a n   k  y t t     s a m a a   a r v o a   k a h d e l l e   t  y s i n   e r i l a i s e l l e   m e r k i l l e   t a i   s a m a l l a   m e r k i l l    v o i   o l l a   e r i   a r v o   e r i   k o o d i v u l l a .   J o k a i s e n   t i e t o k o n e e n ,   v a r s i n k i n   j o s   k y s e e s s    o n   p a l v e l i n ,   p i t     t u k e a   l u k u i s i a   e r i   m e r k i s t  j    j a   k o o d i s i v u j a   j a   k u n   t i e t o a   s i i r r e t   n   j  r j e s t e l m i e n   j a   m e r k i s t  j e n   v  l i l l    o n   t i e d o n   v   r i s t y m i s e n   j a   t u h o u t u m i s e n   r i s k i   s u u r i . 
 U n i c o d e   o n   r a t k a i s u 
 
 U n i c o d e s s a   j o k a i s e l l e   m e r k i l l e   o n   m   r i t e t t y   y k s i l  l l i n e n ,   r i i p p u m a t o n   a r v o .   A l a n   j o h t a v a t   y r i t y k s e t ,   k u t e n   A p p l e ,   H P ,   I B M ,   J u s t S y s t e m ,   M i c r o s o f t ,   O r a c l e ,   S A P ,   S u n ,   S y b a s e ,   U n i s y s   j a   l u k u i s a t   m u u t   t o i m i j a t   k  y t t  v  t   U n i c o d e a .   U n i c o d e   o n   s i s  l l y t e t t y   v a a t i m u k s e n a   m o n i i n   n y k y i s i i n   s t a n d a r d e i h i n ,   k u t e n   X M L ,   J a v a ,   E C M A S c r i p t   ( J a v a S c r i p t ) ,   L D A P ,   C O R B A   3 . 0   j a   W M L .   U n i c o d e   o n   v i r a l l i n e n   k e i n o   t o t e u t t a a   I S O / I E C   1 0 6 4 6   - s t a n d a r d i .   U s e a t   k  y t t  j  r j e s t e l m  t ,   k a i k k i   i n t e r n e t - s e l a i m e t   j a   m o n e t   m u u t   t u o t t e e t   k  y t t  v  t   U n i c o d e a .   U n i c o d e n   s y n t y m i n e n   j a   s i t    t u k e v i e n   t y  k a l u j e n   s u u r i   m   r    o n   y k s i   v i i m e   a i k o j e n   m e r k i t t  v i m m i s t    m a a i l m a n l a a j u i s e n   o h j e l m i s t o t u o t a n n o n   s u u n t a u k s i s t a . 
 
 U n i c o d e n   k  y t t  m i n e n   p a l v e l i n t e k n i i k a s s a ,   v a a t i v i s s a   s o v e l l u k s i s s a   j a   i n t e r n e t - s i v u s t o i l l a   t u o   m e r k i t t  v i    k u s t a n n u s s   s t  j    v e r r a t t u n a   u s e a n   e r i   k o o d i s i v u n   k  y t  l l e .   U n i c o d e n   a n s i o s t a   y k s i t t  i n e n   s o v e l l u s   t a i   s i v u s t o   v o i d a a n   t a r j o t a   u s e i l l e   e r i   k  y t t  j  r j e s t e l m i l l e   j a   m o n i l l a   e r i   k i e l i l l    m a a i l m a n l a a j u i s e s t i ,   i l m a n   u u d e l l e e n o h j e l m o i n n i n   t a r v e t t a .   T i e t o   k u l k e e   j  r j e s t e l m i e n   v  l i l l    v a i l l a   t u h o u t u m i s e n   t a i   v   r i s t y m i s e n   v a a r a a . 
 U n i c o d e - k o n s o r t i o 
 
 
 # 
 
 
 C o   j e   U n i c o d e ? 
 
 U n i c o d e   p Yi Ya z u j e   k a ~d  m u   z n a k u   j e d i n e 
n    
 s l o , 
 n e z  v i s l e   n a   p l a t f o r m , 
 n e z  v i s l e   n a   p r o g r a m u , 
 n e z  v i s l e   n a   j a z y c e . 
 
 P o 
 t a 
e ,   z e   s v    p o d s t a t y ,   p r a c u j    p o u z e   s   
 s l y .   P  s m e n a   a   d a l a   z n a k y   u k l  d a j    t a k ,   ~e   k a ~d  m u   z   n i c h   p Yi Ya d    
 s l o .   P Ye d   v z n i k e m   U n i c o d e   e x i s t o v a l y   s t o v k y   r o z d  l n  c h   k  d o v a c  c h   s y s t  m o  p r o   p Yi Ya z o v  n    t c h t o   
 s e l .   } d n    z   t c h t o   k  d o v  n    n e m o h l o   o b s a h o v a t   d o s t a t e k   z n a k o:   n a p Y k l a d   E v r o p s k    u n i e   s a m a   p o t Ye b u j e   n k o l i k   r oz n  c h   k  d o v  n  ,   a b y   p o k r y l a   v ae c h n y   s v    j a z y k y .   D o k o n c e   i   p r o   j e d e n   j e d i n    j a z y k ,   j a k o   j e   a n g l i 
t i n a ,   n e v y h o v o v a l o   ~ d n    k  d o v  n    p r o   v ae c h n y   p  s m e n a ,   i n t e r p u n k c i   a   b ~n   p o u ~ v a n    t e c h n i c k    s y m b o l y . 
 
 T y t o   k  d o v a c    s y s t  m y   t a k    b y l y   v   k o n f l i k t u   j e d e n   s   d r u h  m .   T o   z n a m e n  ,   ~e   d v   k  d o v  n    m o h o u   p o u ~ v a t   s t e j n    
 s l o   p r o   d v a   r oz n    z n a k y ,   n e b o   p o u ~ v a t   r oz n    
 s l a   p r o   s t e j n    z n a k .   J a k  k o l i   p o 
 t a 
  ( z v l  at   s e r v e r y )   m u s    p o d p o r o v a t   m n o h o   r oz n  c h   k  d o v  n  ;   p Ye s t o ,   k d y k o l i   j s o u   d a t a   p Ye d  v  n a   m e z i   r oz n  m i   k  d o v  n  m i   n e b o   p l a t f o r m a m i ,   h r o z  ,   ~e   t a t o   d a t a   b u d o u   p o ak o z e n a . 
 
   
 U n i c o d e   t o t o   v ae c h n o   m n  ! 
 
 U n i c o d e   p Yi Ya z u j e   k a ~d  m u   z n a k u   j e d i n e 
n    
 s l o ,   n e z  v i s l e   n a   p l a t f o r m ,   n e z  v i s l e   n a   p r o g r a m u ,   n e z  v i s l e   n a   j a z y k u .   U n i c o d e   S t a n d a r d   b y l   p Yi j a t   t a k o v  m i   p r om y s l o v  m i   v od c i ,   j a k o   j s o u   A p p l e ,   H P ,   I B M ,   J u s t S y s t e m ,   M i c r o s o f t ,   O r a c l e ,   S A P ,   S u n ,   S y b a s e ,   U n i s y s   a   m n o h a   d a l a m i .   U n i c o d e   j e   v y ~a d o v  n   m o d e r n  m i   s t a n d a r d y ,   j a k o   j s o u   X M L ,   J a v a ,   E C M A S c r i p t   ( J a v a S c r i p t ) ,   L D A P ,   C O R B A   3 . 0 ,   W M L   a t d .   a   j e   o f i c i  l n    f o r m o u   i m p l e m e n t a c e   I S O / I E C   1 0 6 4 6 .   J e   p o d p o r o v  n   v   m n o h a   o p e r a 
n  c h   s y s t  m e c h ,   v ae c h   m o d e r n  c h   p r o h l  ~e 
 c h   a   m n o h a   d a l a c h   p r o d u k t e c h .   T o ,   ~e   s e   o b j e v i l   U n i c o d e   S t a n d a r d   a   d o s t u p n o s t   n  s t r o j o,   k t e r    j e j   p o d p o r u j  ,   p a t Y   m e z i   n e j v  z n a m n j a   n e d  v n    t r e n d y   v   g l o b  l n    t e c h n o l o g i i   s o f t w a r u . 
 
 Z a 
l e n n    U n i c o d e   d o   k l i e n t - s e r v e r   n e b o   v  c e v r s t v  c h   a p l i k a c    a   w e b o v  c h   s t r  n e k   n a b  z    v  z n a m n    u ae t Ye n    n  k l a d o  o p r o t i   d Y v j a m   z n a k o v  m   s a d  m .   U n i c o d e   u m o ~Hu j e ,   a b y   j e d i n    s o f t w a r o v    p r o d u k t   n e b o   j e d i n    w e b o v    s t r  n k a   b y l a   z a m Ye n a   n a   m n o h o   p l a t f o r e m ,   j a z y k o  a   z e m    b e z e   z m n   n  v r h u .   T o   d o v o l u j e   p Ye n  ae t   d a t a   p Ye s   m n o h o   r oz n  c h   s y s t  m o  b e z   p o r u ae n  . 
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           , 
         , 
       , 
       . 
 
   ,         .             -           .       ,                 .                   .   :                                 .           ,       ,                   ,             . 
 
               .   ,                   ,             .         (   )               ;                             . 
         ! 
 
           ,       ,   ,     .         -         A p p l e  ,   H P  ,   I B M  ,   J u s t S y s t e m  ,   M i c r o s o f t  ,   O r a c l e  ,   S A P  ,   S u n  ,   S y b a s e  ,   U n i s y s      .       -         X M L  ,   J a v a  ,   E C M A S c r i p t   ( J a v a S c r i p t )   ,   L D A P  ,   C O R B A   3 . 0   ,   W M L    ,                 I S O / I E C   1 0 6 4 6 .               ,       ,       .                       -     ,           . 
 
       -       -                       .     ,                           ,             .                     . 
           ( U n i c o d e   C o n s o r t i u m 
 
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 H v a    e r   U n i c o d e ? 
 
 U n i c o d e   s t a  a l l i n n    t h l u t a r   h v e r j u   s k r i f t  k n i   t  l u , 
 s e m   e r    h     t  l v u g e r  , 
 s e m   e r    h     f o r r i t i , 
 s e m   e r    h     t u n g u m  l i . 
 
 T  l v u r   g e t a      e  l i   s  n u   a  e i n s   u n n i    m e    t  l u r .     r   g e y m a   b  k s t a f i   o g    n n u r   s k r i f t  k n   m e     v    a     t h l u t a    e i m   t  l u .     u r   e n   U n i c o d e   k o m   t i l   v o r u   h u n d r u    m i s m u n a n d i   t  l k u n a r k e r f a   s e m    t h l u t u  u    e s s u m   t  l u m .   E k k e r t   e i t t   t  l k u n a r k e r f i   g a t   i n n i h a l d i    n  g i l e g a n   f j  l d a   s k r i f t  k n a ;   t . d .    a r f n a s t   E v r  p u s a m b a n d i    n o k k u r r a   m i s m u n a n d i   k e r f a   t i l   a    s p a n n a    l l   t u n g u m  l    e s s .   J a f n v e l   f y r i r   e i t t   t u n g u m  l ,   e i n s   o g   e n s k u ,   v a r   e i t t   t  l k u n a r k e r f i   e k k i   n  g   f y r i r   a l l a   b  k s t a f i ,   g r e i n a r m e r k i   o g   a l g e n g u s t u   e i n i n g a t  k n . 
 
 T  l k u n a r k e r f i n   h a f a   e i n n i g   v e r i       a n d s t   u   h v e r t   v i    a n n a  ,    . e .   t v    k e r f i   g e t a   n o t a    s  m u   t  l u   f y r i r   t v     l  k   s k r i f t  k n   e  a   n o t a    t v  r   m i s m u n a n d i   t  l u r   f y r i r   s a m a   t  k n i  .   S  r h v e r   t  l v a    a r f ( s  r s t a k l e g a   m i  l a r a r )   a    s t y  j a   m a r g s   k o n a r   t  l k a n i r      s t  f u m ;   e n g u   a    s   u r   e r   a l l t a f   h  t t a      s t a f a b r e n g l u n    e g a r   g  g n   f a r a      m i l l i   t  l v a   o g      m i l l i   m i s m u n a n d i   t  l k u n a r k e r f a . 
 U n i c o d e   b r e y t i r    e s s u    l l u ! 
 
 U n i c o d e   g e f u r   h v e r j u   s k r i f t  k n i   e i g i n   t  l u   s e m   b r e y t i s t   e k k i   e f t i r   t  l v u g e r  ,   f o r r i t i   e  a   t u n g u m  l i .   U n i c o d e   s t a  a l l i n n   h e f u r   v e r i    t e k i n n   u p p   a f   f o r k  l f u m   t  l v u i  n a  a r i n s ;   A p p l e ,   H P ,   I B M ,   J u s t S y s t e m ,   M i c r o s o f t ,   O r a c l e ,   S A P ,   S u n ,   S y b a s e ,   U n i s y s   o g   m  r g u m     r u m .   U n i c o d e   e r   n o t a    a f   n  t  m a s t   l u m   e i n s   o g   X M L ,   J a v a ,   E C M A S c r i p t   ( J a v a S c r i p t ) ,   L D A P ,   C O R B A   3 . 0 ,   W M L ,   o . s . f r v .   o g   e r   h i n   o p i n b e r a   l e i    t i l   a     t f  r a   I S O / I E C   1 0 6 4 6 .   U n i c o d e   s t a  a l l i n n   e r   s t u d d u r   a f   m  r g u m   s t  r i k e r f u m ,    l l u m   n  t  m a v  f r u m   o g   m  r g u m     r u m   b  n a  i .   T i l k o m a   U n i c o d e   s t a  a l s i n s   o g   b  n a  a r   t i l   a    s t y  j a   h a n n   e r u   v e i g a m i k i l   s k r e f       r  u n   h n a t t r  n n a r   t  k n i . 
 
 A    n o t a   U n i c o d e      n o t e n d a m i  l u r u m   e  a      f o r r i t u m   o g   v e f s   u m   m e    m  r g u m   n o t e n d a v i  m  t u m   b   u r   u p p      u m t a l s v e r  a n   s p a r n a  ,      s a m a n b u r  i   v i    a    n o t a   e l d r i   s t a f a t  f l u r .   U n i c o d e   l e y f i r   e i n u m   f o r r i t a p a k k a   e  a   e i n n i   v e f s l     a    n    t i l   m a r g r a   t  l v u g e r  a ,   t u n g u m  l a   o g   l a n d a    n   e n d u r h  n n u n a r .   U n i c o d e   g e r i r   g  g n u m   k l e i f t   a    f e r  a s t   g e g n u m   m  r g   m i s m u n a n d i   k e r f i    n   b r e n g l u n a r . 
 U m   U n i c o d e   s a m t  k i n   ( C o n s o r t i u m ) 
 
 U n i c o d e   C o n s o r t i u m   s a m t  k i n   s t e f n a   e k k i   a    h a g n a  i .    a u   v o r u   s t o f n u    t i l   a     r  a ,    t v  k k a   o g   k o m a      f r a m f  r i   U n i c o d e   s t a  l i n u m ,   s e m   s k i l g r e i n i r   f r a m s e t n i n g u      t e x t a      n  t  m a f o r r i t a p  k k u m   o g   s t   l u m .   M e  l i m i r   s a m t a k a n n a   e r u   f u l l t r  a r   m a r g s   k o n a r   f y r i r t  k j a   o g   s t o f n a n a      t  l v u -   o g   u p p l  s i n g a i  n a  i n u m .   S a m t  k i n   h a f a   e i n g  n g u   t e k j u r   a f   a  i l d a r g j  l d u m   s  n u m .   F y r i r t  k i ,   s t o f n a n i r   o g   e i n s t a k l i n g a r   h v a r   s e m   e r      h e i m i n u m   s e m    
 
 
 # 
 